PESHAWAR, Pakistan (AP) ? Gunmen shot and killed a police officer Tuesday who was protecting a team of polio workers during a U.N.-backed vaccination campaign in northwestern Pakistan.
It was the latest of several attacks on Pakistani efforts to eradicate the deadly disease, found in only three countries in the world. Militant extremists view the vaccination campaigns as Western-backed plots to gain intelligence in sensitive areas and have frequently targeted the medical staff and those protecting polio teams.
No polio workers were wounded in Tuesday's attack in the Mardan district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, said police officer Fazal Wahid. At least two attackers were hiding in a field near a narrow road as the polio workers walked by on their way to visit houses in the area, said Mardan Police Chief Inam Jan.
"The polio workers were going door-to-door and one police officer was protecting them when the gunmen suddenly attacked them near an open area and fled," Jan said, adding that the police were searching for the attackers but that so far no one had been arrested.
No one immediately claimed responsibility for the attack and it wasn't immediately known whether the police officer was targeted because he was protecting the polio team or for some other reason.
Janbaz Afridi, a senior health official, said the polio vaccination campaign continued in various parts of the province Tuesday despite the killing. "We have taken best possible steps for the safety of polio teams," he said.
In 2012, humanitarian workers, including those working to prevent the polio spread, were repeatedly targeted. According to UN figures, 19 humanitarian workers were killed last year in Pakistan. Of those deaths, 11 were related to polio, including a rash of shootings in December when nine polio workers were killed across Pakistan.
In an effort to protect people administering the vaccine, the government has increasingly sent police officers into the field along with the vaccinator. But they have come under attack as well.
On Jan. 29, gunmen riding on a motorcycle shot and killed a police officer protecting polio workers in the Swabi district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.
Mazhar Nisar, a senior official working with the Prime Minister's polio monitoring cell, said at least 11 members of polio teams have been killed in various parts of Pakistan since December.
Some militant groups in Pakistan oppose the vaccination campaign, accusing health workers of acting as spies for the United States or the Pakistani government. They are also angered since it became known that a Pakistani doctor helped in the U.S. hunt for Osama bin Laden.
The physician, Shakil Afridi, ran a hepatitis vaccination campaign on behalf of the CIA to collect blood samples from bin Laden's family at a compound in northwestern city of Abbottabad, where U.S. commandos killed the al-Qaida leader in May 2011.
The samples were intended to help the U.S. match the family's DNA to verify bin Laden's presence there. In the recently released film about the search for bin Laden, "Zero Dark Thirty," a short scene shows a man going to vaccinate people at the compound where bin Laden was hiding.
The campaign however is portrayed in the movie as an anti-polio campaign, not anti-hepatitis.
The campaigns are made more complicated by the fact that many Pakistani residents are also suspicious of the repeated vaccination efforts going on across the country and fear the vaccines are intended to make Muslim children sterile.
Pakistan is one of the few remaining countries, along with Afghanistan and Nigeria, where polio is rampant. As many as 56 polio cases were reported in Pakistan during 2012, down from 190 in 2011. Most of the new cases in Pakistan were in the northwest, where the presence of militants makes it difficult to reach children for vaccination.
The virus usually infects children living in unsanitary conditions. It attacks the nerves and can kill or paralyze.
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Associated Press writer Rebecca Santana in Islamabad contributed to this report.
NEW YORK (AP) ? The 40.4 million people who watched the Oscars this year boosted some other ABC shows, too.
Jimmy Kimmel's post-Oscars talk show got its biggest audience in the eight years he's been doing it, the Nielsen Co. said. About 5.8 million people tuned in for the show, which didn't begin until after midnight on the East Coast. Kimmel's earlier time slot on weeknights has also increased his visibility.
It was Kimmel's second-biggest audience ever, behind only a post-Super Bowl program in 2006.
Similarly, the Oscars-focused edition of "Good Morning America" on Monday reached 6.13 million viewers, above the show's season average of 5.27 million. NBC's "Today" show on Monday had 4.71 million viewers. ABC said it checked back to 2004 and couldn't find a larger margin of victory over "Today." Given the longtime dominance of "Today" up until last year, it's a good bet "Good Morning America" hasn't won by that much since the early 1990s.
NBC's most-watched show on Sunday night had less than a tenth of the "Oscars" audience, so it could be considered an achievement that "Today" got that close the next morning.
"Good Morning America" reached 6.12 million viewers last Wednesday, on co-host Robin Roberts' return to work after being out since last summer with a blood and bone marrow disease.
The Oscars had its biggest audience in three years.
When the month is over, CBS said it will have beaten all the other networks in the 18-to-49-year-old demographic that many advertisers seek for the first February since 1998. Among all viewers, CBS has had the top 31 most popular scripted programs in February.
On the other side, NBC's mid-winter slide continued. For the second time in six weeks, the network had a smaller prime-time viewership than the Spanish-language network Univision. Only one NBC show, "Chicago Fire," had a bigger audience than Univision's music awards show "Premio Lo Nuestro."
For the week in prime time, ABC averaged 11.3 million viewers (6.9 rating, 11 share). CBS was second with 9.6 million viewers (6.1, 10), Fox had 6.6 million (3.9, 6), NBC had 3.8 million (2.5, 4), the CW had 1.5 million (1.0, 2) and ION Television had 1.2 million (0.8, 1).
Among the Spanish-language networks, Univision had a 4 million viewer average (2.1, 3), Telemundo had 1.3 million (0.7, 1), UniMas had 590,000 (0.3, 1), Estrella had 190,000 and Azteca 110,000 (both 0.1, 0).
NBC's "Nightly News" topped the evening newscasts with an average of 9.4 million viewers (6.3, 11). ABC's "World News" was second with 8.4 million (5.6, 11) and the "CBS Evening News" had 7.4 million viewers (4.9, 9).
A ratings point represents 1,147,000 households, or 1 percent of the nation's estimated 114.7 million TV homes. The share is the percentage of in-use televisions tuned to a given show.
For the week of Feb. 18-24, the top 10 shows, their networks and viewerships: "The Oscars," ABC, 40.38 million; "Oscars Red Carpet Live" (Sunday, 8 p.m.), ABC, 25.53 million; "NCIS," CBS, 21.08 million; "The Big Bang Theory," CBS, 17.62 million; "Oscars Red Carpet Live" (Sunday, 7:30 p.m.), ABC, 16.5 million; "NCIS: Los Angeles," CBS, 16.27 million; "American Idol" (Wednesday), Fox, 14.37 million; "Person of Interest," CBS, 14.23 million; "American Idol" (Thursday), Fox, 13.66 million; "Two and a Half Men," CBS, 13.41 million.
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ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Co. CBS is owned by CBS Corp. CW is a joint venture of Warner Bros. Entertainment and CBS Corp. Fox and My Network TV are units of News Corp. NBC and Telemundo are owned by Comcast Corp. ION Television is owned by ION Media Networks. TeleFutura is a division of Univision. Azteca America is a wholly owned subsidiary of TV Azteca S.A. de C.V.
NASA infrared data shows Tropical Cyclone 18S still battling wind shearPublic release date: 26-Feb-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Rob Gutro Robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov 443-858-1779 NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
An infrared look at Tropical Storm 18S by NASA's Aqua satellite revealed wind shear continues to take its toll on the storm and keeps pushing its main precipitation away from the center of the storm.
Wind shear is a major factor that can keep a tropical cyclone "down" or unable to consolidate and intensify because it keeps pounding the circulation of winds head on. Strong wind shear has been battering Tropical Cyclone 18S for a couple of days and is expected to continue the next couple of days.
On Feb. 26 at 1500 UTC (10 a.m. EST) Tropical Storm 18S was located about 1,000 nautical miles (1,151 miles/1,852 km) west-northwest of Learmonth, Australia, near 15.5 south and 98.0 east. TS18S still had maximum sustained winds near 35 knots (40.2 mph/64.8 kph) and was now moving to the south-southeast near 4 knots (4.6 mph/7.4 kph).
Satellite imagery shows that the main convection and thunderstorms are still being pushed away from the center of circulation from wind shear. Vertical wind shear has also caused the storm to stretch out making it difficult to find the center on satellite imagery. According to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), an analysis of the upper level winds showed that the tropical storm is in an area of strong (30-40 knot/34.5 to 46.0 mph/55.5 to 74.0 kph) easterly vertical wind shear.
Tropical Storm 18S is expected to drift under weak steering conditions for the next two days after which time another weather system will push the storm eastward toward Western Australia.
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
NASA infrared data shows Tropical Cyclone 18S still battling wind shearPublic release date: 26-Feb-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Rob Gutro Robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov 443-858-1779 NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
An infrared look at Tropical Storm 18S by NASA's Aqua satellite revealed wind shear continues to take its toll on the storm and keeps pushing its main precipitation away from the center of the storm.
Wind shear is a major factor that can keep a tropical cyclone "down" or unable to consolidate and intensify because it keeps pounding the circulation of winds head on. Strong wind shear has been battering Tropical Cyclone 18S for a couple of days and is expected to continue the next couple of days.
On Feb. 26 at 1500 UTC (10 a.m. EST) Tropical Storm 18S was located about 1,000 nautical miles (1,151 miles/1,852 km) west-northwest of Learmonth, Australia, near 15.5 south and 98.0 east. TS18S still had maximum sustained winds near 35 knots (40.2 mph/64.8 kph) and was now moving to the south-southeast near 4 knots (4.6 mph/7.4 kph).
Satellite imagery shows that the main convection and thunderstorms are still being pushed away from the center of circulation from wind shear. Vertical wind shear has also caused the storm to stretch out making it difficult to find the center on satellite imagery. According to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), an analysis of the upper level winds showed that the tropical storm is in an area of strong (30-40 knot/34.5 to 46.0 mph/55.5 to 74.0 kph) easterly vertical wind shear.
Tropical Storm 18S is expected to drift under weak steering conditions for the next two days after which time another weather system will push the storm eastward toward Western Australia.
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
FILE - This Nov. 14, 2008 file photo shows country singer Mindy McCready performsingin Nashville, Tenn. Authorities in Arkansas say preliminary autopsy results confirm country music singer Mindy McCready's death was a suicide. The Cleburne County sheriff said in a statement Wednesday, Feb. 20, 2013 that preliminary autopsy results from Arkansas' state crime lab show McCready's death was a suicide from a single gunshot wound to the head. McCready, who hit the top of the country charts before personal problems sidetracked her career, died Sunday, Feb. 17. She was 37. (AP Photo/Mark Humphrey, File)
FILE - This Nov. 14, 2008 file photo shows country singer Mindy McCready performsingin Nashville, Tenn. Authorities in Arkansas say preliminary autopsy results confirm country music singer Mindy McCready's death was a suicide. The Cleburne County sheriff said in a statement Wednesday, Feb. 20, 2013 that preliminary autopsy results from Arkansas' state crime lab show McCready's death was a suicide from a single gunshot wound to the head. McCready, who hit the top of the country charts before personal problems sidetracked her career, died Sunday, Feb. 17. She was 37. (AP Photo/Mark Humphrey, File)
FORT MYERS, Fla. (AP) ? Family and friends have gathered for the funeral of country music star Mindy McCready in her Florida hometown.
About 200 were present Tuesday at the Crossroads Baptist Church. McCready's music played in the background and her image was shown on a large screen behind the altar.
McCready committed suicide Feb. 17 at her home in Arkansas, days after leaving a court-ordered substance abuse treatment program. The 37-year-old mother of two died from a single gunshot to the head about a month after her longtime boyfriend David Wilson's death, also thought to be suicide, in the same place.
McCready hit the top of the country charts before personal problems sidetracked her career.
In 1996, her "Guys Do It All the Time" hit No. 1. Her other hits included "Ten Thousand Angels."
"I want to thank you for working on our marriage for 10 Christmases. It's good, it is work, but it's the best kind of work. There's no one I'd rather work with." ? Ben Affleck, thanking his wife, Jennifer Garner, as he accepted the best picture Oscar for "Argo."
College student Jajuan Kelley covers his mouth with a Skittles wrapper as he rallies against stand your ground??
One year after 17-year-old Trayvon Martin was shot and killed by an armed neighborhood watchman, setting off a national debate about race and gun laws, the campaign to change state self-defense laws in Martin's name has petered out.
George Zimmerman, the neighborhood watch volunteer facing second-degree murder charges, said he shot Martin in self defense last Feb. 25 after he decided to follow him in the Sanford, Fla., gated community because Martin looked suspicious. Zimmerman called the police and then approached Martin, and they ended up in a physical fight. Zimmerman, saying he feared for his life, then shot Martin. He was not charged with a crime for several weeks, and his defense attorneys argue he's immune from prosecution under Florida's "stand your ground" law.
The incident led immediately to scrutiny of the law, which is on the books of 20 states in various forms. Basically, "stand your ground" says that people can use lethal force against an attacker without first attempting to retreat if they have reason to fear for their lives. Most states already allowed people to defend themselves in this way if they're attacked at home, but "stand your ground" went a step further to cover all public places.
A Tampa Bay Times analysis of 200 "stand your ground" cases in Florida?the law was adopted there in 2005?found that the law has been inconsistently applied, with one man escaping homicide prosecution even though he left an altercation to get his gun from his car, returned, and then shot the attacker.
After the Martin shooting and subsequent uproar, a coalition of civil rights groups and New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, the nation's highest-profile gun control advocate, started a campaign, called "Second Chance on Shoot First," to encourage the repeal of these laws. Soon after, Florida Gov. Rick Scott, a Republican, appointed a task force to study the law. Meanwhile, lawmakers in at least five states with "stand your ground" laws introduced legislation to alter or repeal their laws.
But not much has happened since then on the state level. And last Friday, the Florida task force released its final recommendations on the law, concluding that it works and should not be repealed. (The task force did recommend that prosecutors and law enforcement officers should receive increased training on the law to make sure it is applied consistently.)
In addition, none of the bills to repeal or change "stand your ground" in other states passed.
However, the conversation started by Martin's death may have served to stop state and federal legislators from passing more permissive gun laws that were in the works, says Adam Winkler, a constitutional law expert at UCLA. For example, a federal bill to allow people with concealed weapons to take them to other states that allow concealed carry died out after passing in the House.
"Trayvon Martin really stalled the move for more permissive gun laws," Winkler said. "Newtown ended it."
Since the Dec. 14 mass shooting in Newtown, Conn., Bloomberg and other high-profile gun control advocates have moved away from concealed carry and self-defense issues, and instead focused on encouraging specific reforms on the national level. Lawmakers are focusing on closing loopholes that allow some to avoid background checks before purchasing a weapon, banning high-capacity magazines, and banning some semi-automatic weapons.
Allie L. Braswell, the president and CEO of the Central Florida Urban League, which has worked to encourage the repeal of "stand your ground," said he was "disappointed" that the task force did not release stronger recommendations.
"This law gives people more leeway than I had on the battlefield as a United States Marine," Braswell, a veteran of the Gulf War, said. "When I was engaged in Iraq ... we could not fire until fired upon."
He acknowledged that the issue of repealing "stand your ground" has faded into the background.
"I think it's lost some of its support, unfortunately," Braswell said.
A judge will decide whether Zimmerman is immune from prosecution under "stand your ground" at a special hearing April 22.
A rocket carrying seven new satellites, including the first spacecraft designed to hunt huge asteroids and two of the world's smallest space telescopes, launched into space Monday (Feb. 25) from an Indian spaceport.
The Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle blasted off at 7:31 a.m. EST (1231 GMT) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, India, on a mission to deliver its muti-national payloads into Earth orbit.
Monday's rocket flight primarily aimed to launch the new ocean-monitoring SARAL satellite into orbit for the Indian Space Research Organisation and French Space Agency. The satellite is the first in a series of satellites created by ISRO to image the Earth, conduct space science, and carry out oceanic and atmospheric studies, ISRO officials said.
Several other payloads rode piggyback on the PSLV rocket, including the $25 million?Near-Earth Object Surveillance Satellite (NEOSSat), a small spacecraft designed to seek out large asteroids in orbits that may stray near the Earth.
The suitcase-size satellite cannot track small space rocks like asteroid 2012 DA14, the? 130-foot (40 meters) object that buzzed the Earth on Feb. 15, but scientists working with NEOSSat will use it to search for a specific types of asteroids that are at least 31 million miles (50 million kilometers) from Earth, mission scientist said. [See how NEOSSat tracks asteroids (Video)]
"NEOSSat will probably reduce the impact hazard from unknown large NEO?s [near-Earth objects] by a few percent over its lifetime, but is not designed to discover small asteroids near the Earth that may be on collision courses," NEOSSat co-principal investigator Alan Hildebrand of the University of Calgary wrote in a statement.
Two smaller nanosatellites developed in Canada also hitched a ride into orbit alongside SARAL and NEOSSat in what their builders have billed as the world's smallest space telescope mission. The twin satellites make up the BRIght Target Explorer (BRITE) mission, which includes two tiny cubes, each just 8 inches (20 centimeters) across and weighing less than 15.5 pounds (7 kilograms). The satellites are expected to study the brightest stars in the night sky by measuring how their brightest changes over time.
The compact satellites were designed at the Space Flight Laboratory at the University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies. One of the satellites was built at the laboratory while the other was assembled by a partner team in Austria, university officials said.
"As their name suggests, the BRITE satellites will focus on the brightest stars in the sky including those that make up prominent constellations like Orion the Hunter," university officials explained in a statement. "These stars are the same ones visible to the naked eye, even from city centers. Because very large telescopes mostly observe very faint objects, the brightest stars are also some of the most poorly studied stars."
The two BRITE nanosatellites are part of a planned constellation that is expected to eventually number six satellites in all once complete.
The other satellites launched on India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle Monday were a mixed bag of spacecraft and missions. They included:
SAPPHIRE:?Canada's first military satellite, a small spacecraft designed to monitor space debris and satellites within an orbit 3,728 to 24,855 miles (6,000 to 40,000 kilometers) above Earth. The satellite is expected to augment the U.S. military's existing Space Surveillance System.
AAUSAT3:?A small science satellite developed in Denmark and built by students from Aalborg University.
STRaND-1:?The first smartphone-powered satellite ever launched into space. ?The Android phone that functions as the satellite's brain will run four apps that will take photos from the satellite, test the Earth's magnetic field, monitor the health of the satellite, and allow people around the world to upload videos that will play in space on the phone.
Monday's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle C20 mission is India's first rocket launch of 2013.
Follow Miriam Kramer on Twitter?@mirikramer?or SPACE.com?@Spacedotcom. We're also on Facebook?&?Google+.?
Copyright 2013 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
NORMAN, Okla. (AP) ? After picking up two fouls that she considered silly, Brittney Griner waited for her chance to make an impact again. Once she was back in the game, the reigning national player of the year made her presence felt all over the floor.
Immediately after returning, Griner blocked a shot. Then she got a pair of rebounds, hit two jumpers, made the pass to set up teammate Kimetria Hayden's 3-pointer and suddenly top-ranked Baylor was right back in control and on its way to an 86-64 win at Oklahoma on Monday night.
"I sat out most of the first half, so I knew I had to come in in the second half and start off strong and attacking and just doing something to give my team a spark," Griner said.
Griner ended up with 15 points, tied her season-high with 15 rebounds, blocked seven shots and distributed five assists despite sitting out the last 11? minutes of the first half with two fouls.
She returned and hit the first two baskets in a 10-0 run that pushed the Lady Bears' lead out to 47-30, and Baylor (27-1, 16-0 Big 12) led by at least 12 the rest of the way. Oklahoma (19-9, 9-7) cut a 16-point deficit down to four while Griner was out.
"We didn't panic," coach Kim Mulkey said. "We shouldn't panic. We have too much experience on that floor, and we're just trying to finish this thing off the right way."
Griner moved past Connecticut's Maya Moore into fourth in career scoring in women's basketball. Only Jackie Stiles of Missouri State, Patricia Hoskins of Mississippi Valley State and Lorri Bauman of Drake have more than Griner's 3,045 points.
Aaryn Ellenberg had 19 points to lead Oklahoma. Morgan Hook had 15 points and nine turnovers. The Sooners' two post players, Nicole Griffin and Joanna McFarland, combined to go 4 for 23 from the field.
Campbell had a pair of baskets during a string of eight straight Oklahoma points that got the deficit down to 57-45 midway through the second half, but Griner stopped the surge with a turnaround jumper in the lane. She also had a layup to start an 8-0 response by the Bears that restored the lead to 69-48.
The Sooners shot just 33 percent, and 32 percent from 3-point range, while getting outscored 54-16 in the paint. It was Oklahoma's fourth loss in the past five games.
"You've got to be able to make a few more shots than that against a team like Baylor, where you can't get to the rim. You've got to make some 3s," coach Sherri Coale said. "We had some good looks that we missed. We missed some layups that were pretty good looks, too.
"But that's what all that speed and athleticism can do to you."
Oklahoma has lost all 16 games it has played against teams ranked No. 1.
Destiny Williams chipped in 16 points and Odyssey Sims had 13 points and six assists for Baylor.
The Lady Bears stumbled with six turnovers in the first 5 minutes, then cleaned up their act to put together a 13-0 run that included a 3-pointer, a fast-break layup and a jumper from the left block by Jordan Madden for a 19-4 edge with 13:25 to go in the first half. But Griner picked up her second foul about 2 minutes later, and Mulkey put her on the bench for the rest of the half.
Griner fouled out for just the second time in her college career in the first meeting between the teams this season, even though the Bears were already firmly in control by then, and Mulkey took no chances putting her back in.
About 30 seconds after Griner's second foul, frontcourt partner Brooklyn Pope was called for charging for the second time and also came out.
"I never felt the sense that I needed to put Griner back in," Mulkey said. "I felt like we were just going to need to weather the storm, and it allowed some other players to gain some valuable experience on the road,"
Baylor didn't make a basket for the first 5 minutes after Griner exited, and Oklahoma took advantage of seldom-used substitutes Kristina Higgins and Sune Agbuke to go on a 14-2 run to get the deficit down to 24-20. Even then, Mulkey didn't make a move to bring Griner back in, and instead it was freshman Alexis Prince that scored eight points over the final 4 minutes of the half to keep the Bears in front 37-30 at halftime.
"It's always frustrating when you have to sit on the bench and you can't help the team out. But when they cut it to four, I didn't get too revved up because I know my team," Griner said. "I know that they'll respond."
Feb. 24, 2013 ? A new method of harvesting the Sun's energy is emerging, thanks to scientists at UC Santa Barbara's Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials. Though still in its infancy, the research promises to convert sunlight into energy using a process based on metals that are more robust than many of the semiconductors used in conventional methods.
The researchers' findings are published in the latest issue of the journal Nature Nanotechnology.
"It is the first radically new and potentially workable alternative to semiconductor-based solar conversion devices to be developed in the past 70 years or so," said Martin Moskovits, professor of chemistry at UCSB.
In conventional photoprocesses, a technology developed and used over the last century, sunlight hits the surface of semiconductor material, one side of which is electron-rich, while the other side is not. The photon, or light particle, excites the electrons, causing them to leave their postions, and create positively-charged "holes." The result is a current of charged particles that can be captured and delivered for various uses, including powering lightbulbs, charging batteries, or facilitating chemical reactions.
"For example, the electrons might cause hydrogen ions in water to be converted into hydrogen, a fuel, while the holes produce oxygen," said Moskovits.
In the technology developed by Moskovits and his team, it is not semiconductor materials that provide the electrons and venue for the conversion of solar energy, but nanostructured metals -- a "forest" of gold nanorods, to be specific.
For this experiment, gold nanorods were capped with a layer of crystalline titanium dioxide decorated with platinum nanoparticles, and set in water. A cobalt-based oxidation catalyst was deposited on the lower portion of the array.
"When nanostructures, such as nanorods, of certain metals are exposed to visible light, the conduction electrons of the metal can be caused to oscillate collectively, absorbing a great deal of the light," said Moskovits. "This excitation is called a surface plasmon."
As the "hot" electrons in these plasmonic waves are excited by light particles, some travel up the nanorod, through a filter layer of crystalline titanium dioxide, and are captured by platinum particles. This causes the reaction that splits hydrogen ions from the bond that forms water. Meanwhile, the holes left behind by the excited electrons head toward the cobalt-based catalyst on the lower part of the rod to form oxygen.
According to the study, hydrogen production was clearly observable after about two hours. Additionally, the nanorods were not subject to the photocorrosion that often causes traditional semiconductor material to fail in minutes.
"The device operated with no hint of failure for many weeks," Moskovits said.
The plasmonic method of splitting water is currently less efficient and more costly than conventional photoprocesses, but if the last century of photovoltaic technology has shown anything, it is that continued research will improve on the cost and efficiency of this new method -- and likely in far less time than it took for the semiconductor-based technology, said Moskovits.
"Despite the recentness of the discovery, we have already attained 'respectable' efficiencies. More importantly, we can imagine achievable strategies for improving the efficiencies radically," he said.
Research in this study was also performed by postdoctoral researchers Syed Mubeen and Joun Lee; grad student Nirala Singh; materials engineer Stephan Kraemer; and chemistry professor Galen Stucky.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - Santa Barbara, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
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Journal Reference:
Syed Mubeen, Joun Lee, Nirala Singh, Stephan Kr?mer, Galen D. Stucky, Martin Moskovits. An autonomous photosynthetic device in which all charge carriers derive from surface plasmons. Nature Nanotechnology, 2013; DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.18
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your friend Jacob, on 23 February 2013 - 11:21 PM, said:
But to add to the discussion, is there biblical reference to this???
What Do You Think?
And he built altars in the house of the LORD, of which the LORD said, In Jerusalem will I put my name.2 Kings 21:4
But I have chosen Jerusalem, that my name might be there; and have chosen David to be over my people Israel.2 Chronicles 6:6
Also he built altars in the house of the LORD, whereof the LORD had said, In Jerusalem shall my name be for ever.2 Chronicles 33:4
And he set a carved image, the idol which he had made, in the house of God, of which God had said to David and to Solomon his son, In this house, and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen before all the tribes of Israel, will I put my name for ever:2 Chronicles 33:7
Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go no more out: and I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, which is new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God: and I will write upon him my new name.Revelation 3:20
When NVIDIA unveiled Tegra 4 back at CES, we scrambled to get hands-on with a reference device. And though our initial performance impressions were positive -- it runs 1080p video and games smoothly -- there was only so much we could say to illustrate how fast the performance is. After all, Tegra 3 already does a fine job handling games and full HD movies. What we really needed were benchmarks, some quantitative data to help show the difference between Tegra 4 devices and whatever's currently on the market. Fortunately for all of you, we just got our chance: here at Mobile World Congress, the company has reference tablets set up expressly for the purpose of running tests. So, we did just that... over and over and over until we had a long list of scores. Meet us after the break to see how it fared.
Contact: Joshua Coon jcoon@chem.wisc.edu 608-263-1718 University of Wisconsin-Madison
MADISON Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found a new way to accelerate a workhorse instrument that identifies proteins. The high-speed technique could help diagnose cancer sooner and point to new drugs for treating a wide range of conditions.
Proteins are essential building blocks of biology, used in muscle, brain, blood and hormones. If the genes are the blueprints, the proteins patterned on them are the hammers and tongs of life.
Proteins are not only numerous humans have more than a 100,000 varieties but each one has a complex structure that determines its exact function in the biological realm. Just as tissue from cats and kangaroos can be distinguished by studying the individual "letters" of their genetic codes, protein A can be distinguished from protein B by looking at the amino-acid subunits that compose all proteins.
The fastest way to count and identify proteins is to use a mass spectrometer, a precise instrument that measures chemical compounds by mass. "Mass spec is an essential part of modern biology, and most people use it to look at variations in proteins," says Joshua Coon, a professor of chemistry and biomolecular chemistry.
Because mass spectrometers are expensive, and proteins are both numerous and ubiquitous, chemists have recently learned to double up their samples so they can, for example, compare normal tissue to diseased tissue in a single run.
Knowing how the proteins change when good tissue goes bad suggests what has gone wrong.
Now, Coon has doubled-down on the doubling-up process with a technique that has the potential to run as many as 20 samples at once. The new process, described in the journal Nature Methods, has already gone to work, says Alexander Hebert, a graduate student who was first author on the new publication.
"Working with John Denu at the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, we are looking at mice that lived with or without caloric restriction," says Hebert. Caloric restriction is known to increase lifespan in many animals, and scientists are eager to unravel the biochemical pathways that explain this life extension. "Some of these mice have lost a certain gene related to metabolism, so we are comparing four types of tissue all at once. We can look at the brain, liver or heart, and ask, how does the abundance of proteins vary?"
Already, Coon and Hebert have performed six simultaneous analyses using the new technique; but it could actually do batches of 20, Coon says.
Key to the original doubling-up process was inserting a "tag" into the amino acids that gives the proteins a slightly different mass. The tags are isotopes chemically identical atoms that have different masses.
To prepare two samples, one would receive an amino acid containing common isotopes, and the other special, heavier isotopes. The result proteins that are chemically identical but have different masses can easily be identified in a mass spectrometer.
The new journal report by Coon and Hebert describes a way to use amino acids built from a broader range of isotopes that would be expected to have identical mass, but do not because some of their mass has been converted to energy to hold the atomic nuclei together. Without this energy, the positively charged proteins would repel each other and the atomic nucleus would be destroyed. The tiny loss of mass due to this conversion to binding energy can be detected in the new, ultra-precise mass spectrometers that are now installed in several labs on campus.
The mass difference in the new technique is more than 1,000 times below the mass differences in the existing doubled-up technique, but it is enough to count and identify proteins from six and, theoretically, 20 samples at once. The researchers applied for a patent last fall and assigned the rights to the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation.
The study of proteins is the forefront of biology, says Coon, and so it's easy to envision uses for a faster, cheaper analytical tool. "We could look for protein differences in cells from 100 different tumors. The proteins might reveal that you are dealing with five or 10 distinct syndromes in this seemingly-identical cancer, which could suggest treatments that are more tailored to the individual. If you compare proteins in normal versus tumor tissue, you might find a certain protein at uncommonly high concentrations, or [that] was modified in certain ways. You might identify a protein that would help diagnose this cancer sooner. Or and this is the real pay dirt you might identify a protein that is so vital to the cancer that it would make an ideal target for a new drug."
###
David Tenenbaum, 608-265-8549, djtenenb@wisc.edu
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Contact: Joshua Coon jcoon@chem.wisc.edu 608-263-1718 University of Wisconsin-Madison
MADISON Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found a new way to accelerate a workhorse instrument that identifies proteins. The high-speed technique could help diagnose cancer sooner and point to new drugs for treating a wide range of conditions.
Proteins are essential building blocks of biology, used in muscle, brain, blood and hormones. If the genes are the blueprints, the proteins patterned on them are the hammers and tongs of life.
Proteins are not only numerous humans have more than a 100,000 varieties but each one has a complex structure that determines its exact function in the biological realm. Just as tissue from cats and kangaroos can be distinguished by studying the individual "letters" of their genetic codes, protein A can be distinguished from protein B by looking at the amino-acid subunits that compose all proteins.
The fastest way to count and identify proteins is to use a mass spectrometer, a precise instrument that measures chemical compounds by mass. "Mass spec is an essential part of modern biology, and most people use it to look at variations in proteins," says Joshua Coon, a professor of chemistry and biomolecular chemistry.
Because mass spectrometers are expensive, and proteins are both numerous and ubiquitous, chemists have recently learned to double up their samples so they can, for example, compare normal tissue to diseased tissue in a single run.
Knowing how the proteins change when good tissue goes bad suggests what has gone wrong.
Now, Coon has doubled-down on the doubling-up process with a technique that has the potential to run as many as 20 samples at once. The new process, described in the journal Nature Methods, has already gone to work, says Alexander Hebert, a graduate student who was first author on the new publication.
"Working with John Denu at the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, we are looking at mice that lived with or without caloric restriction," says Hebert. Caloric restriction is known to increase lifespan in many animals, and scientists are eager to unravel the biochemical pathways that explain this life extension. "Some of these mice have lost a certain gene related to metabolism, so we are comparing four types of tissue all at once. We can look at the brain, liver or heart, and ask, how does the abundance of proteins vary?"
Already, Coon and Hebert have performed six simultaneous analyses using the new technique; but it could actually do batches of 20, Coon says.
Key to the original doubling-up process was inserting a "tag" into the amino acids that gives the proteins a slightly different mass. The tags are isotopes chemically identical atoms that have different masses.
To prepare two samples, one would receive an amino acid containing common isotopes, and the other special, heavier isotopes. The result proteins that are chemically identical but have different masses can easily be identified in a mass spectrometer.
The new journal report by Coon and Hebert describes a way to use amino acids built from a broader range of isotopes that would be expected to have identical mass, but do not because some of their mass has been converted to energy to hold the atomic nuclei together. Without this energy, the positively charged proteins would repel each other and the atomic nucleus would be destroyed. The tiny loss of mass due to this conversion to binding energy can be detected in the new, ultra-precise mass spectrometers that are now installed in several labs on campus.
The mass difference in the new technique is more than 1,000 times below the mass differences in the existing doubled-up technique, but it is enough to count and identify proteins from six and, theoretically, 20 samples at once. The researchers applied for a patent last fall and assigned the rights to the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation.
The study of proteins is the forefront of biology, says Coon, and so it's easy to envision uses for a faster, cheaper analytical tool. "We could look for protein differences in cells from 100 different tumors. The proteins might reveal that you are dealing with five or 10 distinct syndromes in this seemingly-identical cancer, which could suggest treatments that are more tailored to the individual. If you compare proteins in normal versus tumor tissue, you might find a certain protein at uncommonly high concentrations, or [that] was modified in certain ways. You might identify a protein that would help diagnose this cancer sooner. Or and this is the real pay dirt you might identify a protein that is so vital to the cancer that it would make an ideal target for a new drug."
###
David Tenenbaum, 608-265-8549, djtenenb@wisc.edu
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
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February 23, 2013
Understanding the Sources of Japan-China Tensions
Posted by Greg Scoblete at 8:08 AM
Watch China Looms as Main Concern in Obama and Abe Meeting on PBS. See more from PBS NewsHour.
Mike Mochizuki, associate dean of the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University, was on the NewsHour yesterday and gave an interesting overview of the rising tensions between China and Japan.
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Three UEA writers have won prizes in the 2012 Caf? Writers Open Poetry Competition, judged by acclaimed poet Ian Duhig.? Jane Monson (pictured) was awarded second prize in the competition for her prose poem ?Beam of Light?.? Jane graduated from the UEA MA in Creative Writing (Poetry) in 2000 and subsequently gained a PhD in Creative and Critical Writing from the University of Cardiff. Her first collection ?Speaking Without Tongues? was published by Cinnamon Press in 2010.? Colette Sensier won third prize for her poem ?I Have My Mother?s Eyes?. Colette is currently studying for her MA in Creative Writing (Prose Fiction) at UEA.? She published her debut collection of poetry ?How Many Camels Is Too Many?? last year, and was one of five young writers selected for the Flight 2012 mentoring scheme organized by Spread the Word and run in partnership with the Poetry School.? Tim Clare was awarded the prize for Funniest Poem for ?Mango?. Tim graduated from the Creative Writing (Prose) MA in 2004 and is the author of the memoir ?We Can?t All Be Astronauts?, which won the Biography category of the 2009 East Anglian Book Awards, and the collection ?Pub Stuntman?, published last year by Nasty Little Press.? He is a member of the poetry collective Aisle16, and is a regular performer of stand-up poetry at both literary and music festivals.
Gunmen attack Indonesian military chopper in Papua
By JEFREY PATTIRAJAWANE | Associated Press
JAYAPURA, Indonesia (AP) ? Unidentified gunmen shot at an Indonesian military helicopter in the restive province of Papua on Friday as the crew was trying to evacuate the bodies of eight soldiers killed in attacks the day before.
Three crew members were wounded in Friday?s attack on the Super Puma helicopter, which was forced to abort its mission and rush the injured to a hospital, said Lt. Col. Jansen Simanjuntak, an army spokesman.
Eight soldiers were killed in two separate attacks in the area on Thursday. The area is a stronghold of separatists who have battled Indonesian rule in the impoverished region for more than 40 years.
In the deadliest attack Thursday, about 20 assailants armed with guns and machetes attacked a group of soldiers walking to Ilaga Airport in Puncak district to collect communication equipment, killing seven, Simanjuntak said.
Two civilians also were shot in the attack, but their fate was unclear, he said. He said earlier that the two had been killed.
About an hour before that attack, gunmen stormed an army post in Tinggi Nambut, a village in neighboring Puncak Jaya district, and fatally shot one soldier and injured another before fleeing into the jungle, Simanjuntak said.
Indonesian military spokesman Rear Adm. Iskandar Sitompul said the same group was responsible for both attacks.
?They are believed to be old players who always try to disturb the situation there,? Sitompul said in Jakarta, the capital.
Simanjuntak identified the assailants as members of a local separatist group led by Goliat Tabuni.
Senior Security Minister Djoko Suyanto said the incidents were ?very irresponsible acts by the armed groups in Papua,? adding that ?the government very strongly condemns such brutal incidents.? He said the perpetrators would be captured and prosecuted.
The former Dutch colony of Papua in the western part of New Guinea was incorporated into Indonesia in 1969 following a U.N.-sponsored ballot of tribal leaders that has since been dismissed as a sham. A small, poorly armed separatist organization known as the Free Papua Movement has battled for independence since then.
Apple has posted a new job listing for a 'Maps Ground Truth Data Specialist' in Australia. The job listing, which was posted two days ago, comes several months after Apple came under fire for incorrect mapping data in central Australia.
The position will check "changes to map data, provide feedback on unique local map requirements, collect ground truth information, and evaluate competing products."
'Ground Truth' refers to information collected on location versus data collected remotely, such as satellite imagery. Wikipedia notes that the "collection of ground-truth data enables calibration of remote-sensing data, and aids in the interpretation and analysis of what is being sensed."
Job Summary
Imagine what you could do here. At Apple, great ideas have a way of becoming great products, services, and customer experiences very quickly. Bring passion and dedication to your job and there's no telling what you could accomplish.
Key Qualifications
? Excellent attention to detail ? QA experience ? Familiarity with evaluating map quality ? Detailed knowledge of the unique features of your local area, including preferred driving routes, landmarks, and road names ? Bachelor's degree or equivalent ? Strong written and spoken English skills
Description
The Maps team is looking for people with knowledge of mapping, great testing skills, and local expertise to help us build better and better maps. In this position, you will be responsible for the quality of map data for your region. You will test changes to map data, provide feedback on unique local map requirements, collect ground truth information, and evaluate competing products.
Apple did eventually fix the issue in central Australia, but the company has been slow to fix many mapping issues even through the app's official "Report a Problem" button.
HOUSTON?Officials acknowledge the state paid nearly $3.4 million in unemployment benefits to Texans behind bars over the last four years.
The Texas Workforce Commission says it identified about 1,700 cases of prison and jail inmates collecting benefits. But agency spokeswoman Lisa Givens says most fraud cases were caught early so the payments didn't continue for long.
Inmates aren't eligible for unemployment payments because those filing for benefits must be available for full-time work.
KHOU-TV in Houston reports lists of eligible recipients are checked against names of state prison inmates. Givens says a program to check names of city, county and federal inmates has started.
Givens says the commission averted paying about $9.3 million to state prison inmates the past four years because of early fraud detection.
LOS ANGELES (TheWrap.com) - Lauren Zalaznick has made her first major hire in her new role driving innovation at NBCU, bringing in A&E distribution executive Lori Conkling to be a senior strategist in charge of digital monetization, TheWrap has learned.
"Lori is a key hire for the company's newly dedicated effort to drive growth through monetization of our innovative content across all platforms in new and transformative ways," Zalaznick said in a statement obtained by TheWrap.
Conkling has been tasked with developing what NBCU is calling "an actionable business strategy for NBCU's new and existing digital businesses, with a particular focus on mobile."
Zalaznick has declined to speak to TheWrap on the topic. NBCU was expected to announce the hire officially this week.
Some industry insiders have speculated that Zalaznick's new role is merely a polite placeholder in the wake of NBCU giving many of her former responsibilities running Bravo and Oxygen to Bonnie Hammer, who is now at the top of the network's powerful, lucrative cable properties.
The Conkling hire suggests that Zalaznick is serious about her new, senior and somewhat amorphous executive position at NBCU: EVP NBCUniversal and the company's mandate to figure out how to make money from all those stray eyeballs in the digital space and outside traditional television windows. The area of digital change is one that Zalaznick delved into in her previous role; among the conundrums facing NBCU and all major television networks is the fact that millions of viewers watch their shows in a time frame and on formats not supported by advertising.
Zalaznick was moved to the newly-created position in a shakeup at the top of NBCU earlier this month to - as CEO Steve Burke put it - focus on "innovation, digital, monetization and emerging technology across the company."
Individuals close to Zalaznick insist that the executive is excited by the challenge of her new role and was, in one insider's words, "a little bit bored" in her previous responsibilities. She has been at NBCU since 2004.
Shows at NBCU, for example, are paid within a three-day viewing window, while audience metrics measure significant viewership within a seven-day window. Furthermore, networks have huge engagement over mobile but like most companies, have not yet figured out a way to mine real revenue from this audience.
A knowledgeable executive told TheWrap that other hires would follow, but that Conkling would be the most senior, and from outside. At AEN, Conkling oversaw distribution strategy across multiple platforms for the company's 10 networks, including A&E, History, Lifetime Television and LMN, which she grew to 85 million U.S. subscribers. She also directly oversaw field sales and national accounts in the U.S. and Canada.
Olympic athlete Oscar Pistorius stands during his bail hearing at the magistrate court in Pretoria, South Africa, Thursday, Feb. 21, 2013. The lead investigator in the murder case against Pistorius faces attempted murder charges himself over a 2011 shooting, police said Thursday in another potentially damaging blow to the prosecution. Prosecutors said they were unaware of the charges against veteran detective Hilton Botha when they put him on the stand in court to explain why Pistorius should not be given bail in the Valentine's Day shooting death of his girlfriend. (AP Photo/Themba Hadebe)
Olympic athlete Oscar Pistorius stands during his bail hearing at the magistrate court in Pretoria, South Africa, Thursday, Feb. 21, 2013. The lead investigator in the murder case against Pistorius faces attempted murder charges himself over a 2011 shooting, police said Thursday in another potentially damaging blow to the prosecution. Prosecutors said they were unaware of the charges against veteran detective Hilton Botha when they put him on the stand in court to explain why Pistorius should not be given bail in the Valentine's Day shooting death of his girlfriend. (AP Photo/Themba Hadebe)
FILE - In this Aug. 5, 2012 file photo, South Africa's Oscar Pistorius starts in the men's 400-meter semifinal during the athletics in the Olympic Stadium at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. Paralympic superstar Oscar Pistorius was charged Thursday, Feb. 14, 2013, with the murder of his girlfriend who was shot inside his home in South Africa, a stunning development in the life of a national hero known as the Blade Runner for his high-tech artificial legs. Reeva Steenkamp, a model who spoke out on Twitter against rape and abuse of women, was shot four times in the predawn hours in the home, in a gated community in the capital, Pretoria, police said. (AP Photo/Anja Niedringhaus, File)
PORTLAND, Ore. (AP) ? Nike says it has suspended the contract of Oscar Pistorius.
Pistorius, the first double-amputee runner to compete on the track at the Olympics, is facing a charge of premeditated murder in South Africa in the Valentine's Day slaying of his girlfriend.
In a brief statement announcing the contract suspension, Nike says "we believe Oscar Pistorius should be afforded due process and we will continue to monitor the situation closely."
Pistorius is a multiple Paralympic medalist, but he failed to win a medal at last year's London Olympics, where he ran in the 400 meters and on South Africa's 4x400 relay team.
Nike dropped Lance Armstrong in October 2012, but stood by Tiger Woods after he admitted to infidelities and went to rehab for sex addiction.
Feb. 21, 2013 ? Early life stress like that experienced by ill newborns appears to take an early toll of the heart, affecting its ability to relax and refill with oxygen-rich blood, researchers report.
Rat pups separated from their mothers a few hours each day, experienced a significant decrease in this basic heart function when -- as life tends to do -- an extra stressor was added to raise blood pressure, said Dr. Catalina Bazacliu, neonatologist at the Medical College of Georgia and Children's Hospital of Georgia at Georgia Regents University. Bazacliu worked under the mentorship of Dr. Jennifer Pollock, biochemist in the Section of Experimental Medicine in the MCG Department of Medicine.
The relaxation and filling rate remained low in the separation model, although decreases stabilized by ages two and six months, as the rats neared middle age. Both the model and controls experienced decreases in those functions that come naturally with age.
Interestingly, the force with which the heart ejected blood remained unchanged with the additional stressor, angiotensin II, a powerful constrictor of blood vessels. Echocardiography was used to evaluate heart function.
"We expected the heart's ability to relax and refill to lag behind in our model," said Bazacliu, whose research earned her a Young Investigator Award from the Southern Society for Pediatric Research. She is reporting her findings Feb. 22 during the Southern Regional Meetings in New Orleans, sponsored by the society as well as several other groups including the Southern Section of the American Federation for Medical Research.
"We believe these babies may be at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and we are working to understand exactly what puts them at risk," Bazacliu said. She believes hers is the first animal study of this aspect of heart function.
Dr. Analia S. Loria, assistant research scientist in Pollock's lab and also a co-author on the new abstract, has shown that the blood pressure of maternally separated rats goes up more in response to angiotensin II and their heart rates go higher as well. Normally, a compensatory mechanism drives the heart rate down a little when blood pressure goes up.
Work by others has shown persistent blood vessel changes in the early stress model, including increased contraction and reduced relaxation when similarly stressed.
Longitudinal studies in humans have shown long-term cardiovascular implications, such as babies born to mothers during the Dutch famine of World War II, growing up at increased risk for cardiovascular disease as well as diabetes, obesity and other health problems.
Bazacliu's earlier studies in a similar animal model indicated that babies whose growth was restricted in utero by conditions such as preeclampsia -- maternal high blood pressure during pregnancy -- were at increased risk of cardiovascular disease as adults. This was true whether the babies were born prematurely or at full term. Increased pressure during development reduces blood flow from mother to baby; reduced nutrition and oxygen to the baby is considered an environmental stress.
Bazacliu's interest in early life stress grew out of the reality that, while obviously intended to save premature and otherwise critically ill newborns, neonatal intensive care units can further stress these babies. "All the procedures we must do, the separation from the mother, the environment, even though the babies need the help, it represents a stress." NICUs such as the one at Children's Hospital of Georgia work to minimize negative impact with strategies such as open visiting hours, minimalizing noise and other family-centered care strategies.
Bazacliu came to MCG in 2011 from the University of Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.
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Apple has posted a new job listing for a 'Maps Ground Truth Data Specialist' in Australia. The job listing, which was posted two days ago, comes several months after Apple came under fire for incorrect mapping data in central Australia.